Wenn Sie sich wundern, dass die interne Tastatur Ihres Notebooks plötzlich viele falsche Zeichen liefert, nur weil Sie zwischendurch mal eine externe (USB-)Tastatur angeschlossen hatten, dann ist sehr wahrscheinlich Num-Lock aktiviert. Das lässt sich beheben, indem Sie einfach die Num-Lock-Taste noch einmal betätigen. Diese ist auf Notebooks selten direkt vorhanden, stattdessen ist dort der Status über eine Tastenkombination der Art Fn + Num-Lock oder Fn + NumLck oder Fn + [Taste mit Schloßsymbol und darin abgebildeter Ziffer] umschaltbar.
Debian Etch on Samsung R40 Aura
Yesterday I got weak for a moment and purchased a Samsung R40 Aura C430 Corin notebook. It is the lowest performer in a low-budget series of consumer notebooks from Samsung with a Celeron M430 processor at 1.73 GHz, 1 GB of RAM, a 120 GB harddisk and a DVD dual-layer burner for 600,- €. But still it offers all the power and features that I need to run my Debian Linux desktop. Inevitably the box also includes a copy of Vista Home Premium which I do not plan to use.
After finishing the Debian installation, there were some steps left to get the X server and WLAN connection running. Initially the X server failed to start in vesa mode with a no screens found error message. The graphics adapter is an ATI Radeon Express X1250 which uses either 128 or 256 MB of shared memory (depending on your BIOS setting) and the appropriate drivers are available in Flavio Stanchinas ATI Linux driver packages. See his website for detailed instructions.
$vi /etc/apt/sources.list[...]
deb ftp://[...]/debian/ stable main contrib non-free
deb-src ftp://[...]/debian/ stable main contrib non-free
[...]
deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free
$aptitude update
$aptitude install fglrx-control fglrx-driver fglrx-kernel-src$module-assistant prepare
$module-assistant a-i fglrx
$modprobe -v fglrx$vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf[...]
Section "Module"
[...]
Load "dri"
Load "GLcore"
Load "glx"
[...]
EndSection
Section "Device"
Identifier "ATI Technologies Inc ATI Default Card"
Driver "fglrx"
BusID "PCI:1:5:0"
Option "VideoOverlay" "on"
Option "OpenGLOverlay" "off"
Option "UseInternalAGPGART" "no"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Generic Monitor"
Option "DPMS"
HorizSync 28-49
VertRefresh 43-60
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "ATI Technologies Inc ATI Default Card"
Monitor "Generic Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
EndSection
[...]
Section "DRI"
Mode 0666
EndSection
Restart, and that should be it for the X server. You can find the ATI Control Panel on Desktop -> Administration.
Concerning the WLAN with Atheros chipset you should read C. Pilka’s howto on slashconcept.com. After installing the appropiate packages, creating the modules with the module assistant and doing a reboot, I just configured the wireless connection with the NetworkManager Applet in Gnome.
$aptitude install madwifi-source madwifi-tools \
madwifi-doc wireless-tools wpasupplicant$module-assistant a-i madwifiBtw: I’m not yet sure, but maybe I’ll return the notebook next week. Actually the R40 works good and as expected for the price, but the display has such a narrow vertical viewing angle that you may soon get tired of permanently either moving your head up and down or tilting the screen back and forth for the best view. See also this PC Pro review.
OpenVZ VPS configuration samples
Sample A
Hoster runs Virtuozzo on a Dual Core Opteron 175 CPU / 4 GB RAM with 32-bit SMP kernel and probably dozens of virtual hosts. First impression of delivered performance is ok, but scant resources make it almost unusable for even basic server tasks. To me this is more a „jailed“ environment to host a few static websites. Guaranteed memory of 90 MB per VPS.
resource barrier limit
----------------------------------
kmemsize 20971520 23068672
lockedpages 256 256
privvmpages 65536 72192
shmpages 20480 20480
numproc 96 96
physpages 2147483647 2147483647
vmguarpages 8192 2147483647
oomguarpages 23040 2147483647
numtcpsock 360 360
numflock 188 206
numpty 16 16
numsiginfo 256 256
tcpsndbuf 1720320 2703360
tcprcvbuf 1720320 2703360
othersockbuf 1126080 2097152
dgramrcvbuf 262144 288358
numothersock 360 360
dcachesize 3145728 3460300
numfile 4096 4096
numiptent 100 100
Sample B
Hoster runs Virtuozzo on a Pentium 4 CPU at 2.4 GHz / 1.5 GB RAM with 32-bit kernel and probably a handful of virtual hosts. First impression of delivered performance is ok and second impression is too, well configured and performing. This is the hoster and configuration that this website is currently running at. Guaranteed memory of 515 MB per VPS.
resource barrier limit
----------------------------------
kmemsize 14112433 15523665
lockedpages 7600 8192
privvmpages 238528 259324
shmpages 262144 262144
numproc 396 396
physpages 0 2147483647
vmguarpages 132062 2147483647
oomguarpages 132062 2147483647
numtcpsock 1000 1000
numflock 400 464
numpty 128 128
numsiginfo 1024 1024
tcpsndbuf 5366512 8204912
tcprcvbuf 5366512 8204912
othersockbuf 3006464 8126464
dgramrcvbuf 480000 524288
numothersock 764 764
dcachesize 5023656 5672656
numfile 12864 12864
numiptent 256 256
Show nonpresent devices to remove unneeded drivers
cmd
set DEVMGR_SHOW_NONPRESENT_DEVICES=1
devmgmt.mscOpenVZ kernel on Manitu Rootserver M / Debian
#aptitude install wget bzip2 patch libncurses5-dev#cd /usr/src
#wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.9.tar.bz2
#tar xvfj linux-2.6.9.tar.bz2
#ln -s linux-2.6.9 linux
#cd linux
#wget http://download.openvz.org/kernel/...\
/patch-023stab037.3-combined.gz
#gzip -d patch-023stab037.3-combined.gz
#patch -p1 < patch-023stab037.3-combined
#wget http://download.openvz.org/kernel/...\
/kernel-2.6.9-023stab037-i686.config.ovz
#cp kernel-2.6.9-023stab037-i686.config.ovz .config
#make bzImage
#make modules
#make modules_install
#cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/bzImage-2.6.9
#vi /boot/grub/menu.lsttitle Linux-2.6.9-openvz
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/bzImage-2.6.9 root=/dev/sda2
savedefault
boot#shutdown -r now